ROUGH DRAFT QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH CRITIQUE AND ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS NRS 433
ROUGH DRAFT QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH CRITIQUE AND ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS NRS 433
Diabetes is one of the health problems that are distress and disability to a significant percentage of the global population. Diabetes is a common metabolic disorder that is attributed with deterioration in protein, carbohydrate, and lipid metabolism. The cost burden of the disease to the affected is significant. It is estimated that the prevalence of diabetes has been rising globally due to the influence of factors such as obesity and sedentary lifestyle. The complications of diabetes include hyperglycemia, hypoglycemia, diabetic foot, diabetic retinopathy and diabetic nephropathy among others. Self-care management has been adopted as an effective approach to treatment that reduces incidences of symptom recurrence, disease burden and improved quality of life for the patients. However, the use of this approach remains largely unexplored in our setting. Therefore, the proposed change seeks to investigate the effect of self-care management education program delivered using health information technologies on knowledge and symptom management. It will be guided by the following PICOT question:
In the adult patient with diabetes type 2, can a four-week diabetes self-management education program delivered from a patient portal to a web-enabled device in an SMS platform improve the patient’s self-care knowledge and behaviors and SMBG daily average compared to usual care?”
Karatay, G., Akkuş, Y., Öztürk, B., & Sülü, B. (2016). The Effectiveness of a Home-Based Diabetes Management Program on Diabetes Control. Arch Prev Med, 1(1), 015-020.
Background Article 1
The clinical problem that was investigated in the research was the effect of home-based diabetes management program on control of diabetes. The need for the investigation was informed by the fact that self-care management of diabetes can improve the health outcomes of patients with diabetes by reducing and preventing complications. It also improves their knowledge about the disease, which is needed for them to develop a positive attitude towards its management. Improved level of knowledge regularizes the self-care management approaches such as dietary, foot care, and exercising habits in these patients. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the diabetes management program on diabetes control that is undertaken by a health team. The research question for the research was not stated. However, it can be inferred to be; what is the effectiveness of the diabetes management program on diabetes control that is undertaken by a health team? The purpose of the research aligned with the problem statement of the research. They also provided alternate hypothesis because of the expected positive changes with the intervention (McNiff & Petrick, n.d.).
Santos, E. M., Souza, V. P., Correio, I. A. G., & Correio, E. B. S. (2018). The Self-Care of Users Bearing Diabetes Mellitus: Socio-Demographic, Clinical and Therapeutic Profiles. Revista de Pesquisa, Cuidado é Fundamental Online, 10(3), 720-728.
Background Article 2
The study by Santos et al., (2018) explored the self-care management practice among patients with diabetes mellitus. It sought to explore the effect of clinical and therapeutic profiles and socio-demographic factors on the self-care management practices among these patients. The study was informed by the fact that the use of self-care practices by diabetic patients in Unified Health System had not been explored despite its efficacy. The readers expect to identify the influence of self-care practices in the study population on complications of diabetes mellitus and ways of improving the clinical outcomes of the patients. The purpose of the study was to identify the self-care of patients with diabetes mellitus with a focus on the influence of clinical and therapeutic profiles alongside socio-demographic factors. The research question was stated as; what is the situational diagnosis to users of Unified Health System bearing diabetes mellitus? The research question aligned with the aim of the study. They hypothesis of the study was not stated.
Relationship to Nursing Practice
The results from the article by Karatay et al., (2016) relates significantly to my PICOT question. It reveals the effectiveness of self-care management on the control as well as the improvement of knowledge of the patients on the disease management. It also improves the health of the patients as evidenced by reduced complications associated with diabetes. Santos et al., (2018) found in their study that self-care management of diabetes is associated with the enhanced benefits of reduction in the risks of the complications associated with the disease. However, they were keen to note that the outcomes of self-care management programs can be improved further if they are delivered by multi-professional teams. This recommendation increases the relevance of the proposed change in the research. It supports the fact that self-management of diabetes with the assistance of health teams can enhance the control and level of awareness of the patients, hence, its alignment with the PICOT statement of the study.
Method of Study- Article 1
The study design in the article by Karatay et al., (2016) is single-group pre-posttest design. The authors stated the design for their research. A sample size of 55 participants was determined using post hoc power analysis. The sample size was raised to 60 patients to account for those who were to drop from the study. The participants comprised of individuals diagnosed with diabetes mellitus, without any major physiological or physical disorder that would hinder their participation in the study. They were also expected to speak Turkish language and resided in the city center where the research was undertaken. The application of the inclusion criteria resulted in 52 participants for the research. The data for the research was collected by means of assessment form of the disease compliance of dabetes patients, characteristics form, blood pressure, and weight chart. Data was analyzed using percentages, McNemar significanc test, and t-test. Bias was controlled using a predeveloped inclusion and exclusion criteria in the selection process. The participants were also followed throughout the study period to determine the impact of the intervention.
The authors conducted adequate review of literature. They combined different sources of data such as quantitative and qualitative studies. However, the sources of data were not current. Some sources used in the research were published in 1993, which makes it difficult to generalize the arguments raised to the current world. Despite this weakness, adequate review of literature was performed.
Method of Study- Article 2
The study by Santos et al., (2018) is a descriptive and cohort study design. The study was conducted at a Basic Health Unit in Victoria de Santo Antao City, Brazil using 185 participants with diabetes mellitus. An inclusion and exclusion criteria was developed to select the participants. A loss of 21 participants was reported, leading to 164 participants who completed the research. The data for the research was obtained using closed questionnaires that the community health agents administered. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 16. Mean and standard deviation values were computed for continuous variables while absolute frequency and percentage were calculated for categorical variables. The bias was controlled by randomly selecting the study site and participants for the research.
The authors performed a comprehensive review of the available literature. There was a combination of quantitative and qualitative studies in this section. The studies that were used were relevant for the study topic. However, they were not current as evidenced by some sources being published in 2001. The use of old sources of data affects the reliability of the reported arguments on the need for the study. Despite this weakness, the authors performed adequate review of literature to support the study.
Combined Results of the Studies
The study by Karatay et al., (2016) revealed that self-management of diabetes has a positive effect on the control of the disease and knowledge of the participants. The effect is seen from the fact that statistically significant and positive outcomes were seen in lifestyle changes such as glycemic control, consumption of healthy diets, exercise, and frequency of blood glucose control. The study also revealed that a statistically significant decrease in the baseline vital signs of the participants was reported. The changes could be seen from the fact that the weight, blood pressure, and postprandial blood glucose reduced significantly following the administration of the treatment.
The research by Santos et al., (2018) found that there was high prevalence of diabetes mellitus in women that in males. The prevalence in female was 53.7% with an average age of disease occurance being 59.66 years old. The study also found that there was satisfactory monitoring of blood glucose (87.8%). There was also a high score reported for the medication practices among the patients in this study. It was therefore concluded that educational programs should be provided by multi-professional teams to address the complexity of care being experienced by patients with diabetes mellitus. The authors hypothesized that sell management of diabetes improves the outcomes of diabetes control through enhanced level of awareness and behavioral changes in these patients.
Anticipated Outcomes and Outcomes Comparison
It is anticipated that the use of self-management education program delivered from a patient portal to a web-enabled device in an SMS platform would improve the patient’s self-care knowledge, behaviors and SMBG daily average when compared to the usual care. The patients will demonstrate improved understanding of the disease and positive transformation of their behaviors related to the management of diabetes. It is also expected that the quality of life of the patients will improve significantly with the administration of the above intervention. The outcomes of the PICOT question align with those of the chosen articles because they both result in effective control of diabetes and improvement in knowledge of the patients on diabetes self-management.
Conclusion
Overall, self-management of diabetes is an effective approach that can be utilized in practice. Self-management programs increase the understanding of the patients about the management of the disease. The patients are empowered to take responsibility for the management of the disease and their health. Improved level of awareness results in positive changes in disease monitoring and the adoption of healthy lifestyles.
References
Karatay, G., Akkuş, Y., Öztürk, B., & Sülü, B. (2016). The Effectiveness of a Home-Based Diabetes Management Program on Diabetes Control. Arch Prev Med, 1(1), 015-020.
McNiff, P. & Petrick, M. (n.d.). Quantitative research: Ethics, theory, and research in Helbig, J. (n.d.) History and process of nursing research, evidence-based nursing practice and quantitative and qualitative research. From: https://lc.gcumedia.com/nrs433v/nursing-research-understanding-methods-for-best-practice/v1.1/#/chapter/3
Santos, E. M., Souza, V. P., Correio, I. A. G., & Correio, E. B. S. (2018). The Self-Care of Users Bearing Diabetes Mellitus: Socio-Demographic, Clinical and Therapeutic Profiles. Revista de Pesquisa, Cuidado é Fundamental Online, 10(3), 720-728.
Assessment Description
In this assignment, you will write a critical appraisal that demonstrates comprehension of two quantitative research studies.
Use the practice problem and two quantitative, peer-reviewed research articles you identified in the Topic 1 assignment (or two new articles based on instructor feedback in Topic 1) to complete this assignment.
In a 1,000–1,250-word essay, summarize two quantitative studies.
Use the “Research Critique Guidelines – Part II” document to organize your essay.
You are required to cite a minimum of three peer-reviewed sources to complete this assignment. Sources must be published within the last 5 years, appropriate for the assignment criteria, and relevant to nursing practice.
Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center.
This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.
You are required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite. A link to the LopesWrite technical support articles is located in Class Resources if you need assistance.
