Rough Draft Qualitative Research Critique and Ethical Consideration NRS 433
Rough Draft Qualitative Research Critique and Ethical Consideration NRS 433
Rough Draft Qualitative Research Critique and Ethical Consideration NRS 433
Rough Draft Qualitative Research Critique and Ethical Considerations
Background Study
The application of qualitative studies led to the advancement in the understanding of the common medication errors in healthcare settings. Most patients suffer negative consequences of medication errors, including extended hospital stay and the escalating costs (Tracy, 2019). A medication error may also lead to increased medical complications or sometimes death. Some of the common medication errors include prescription of inappropriate drugs to the patients, injection with the wrong pain killers, as well as the use of expired medication on patients. The two qualitative research articles, “Exploration of Nurses’ Knowledge, Attitudes, and Perceived Barriers towards Medication Error Reporting in a Tertiary Health Care Facility: A Qualitative Approach. Pharmacy, 6(4), 120.” by Dyab et al. (2018) and “Addressing Medication Errors in an Adult Oncology Department in Saudi Arabia: A Qualitative Study. Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal, 27(5), 650-654” by Alharbi et al. (2019) highlights different instances of medication errors and how they can be prevented in healthcare settings.
Summary of Studies
The study by Dyab et al. (2018) explores the attitude, knowledge, and perceived barriers of nurses toward the medication errors within the tertiary healthcare facilities. The study suggested that improving patient safety is essential when it comes to the protection of their rights, provision of the optimum quality care, as well as the enhancement of the healthcare policies. According to Dyab et al. (2018), nurses are very concerned about the medication errors given the increasing number of complications attributed to the extended or longer hospital stay. Globally, there is an increasing trend in the medication errors since the cases are underreported as well as the severity of the potential consequences to the patients. Also, the study suggests that most nurses are aware of or have advanced knowledge of the medication errors and the negative consequences thereafter.
Alharbi et al. (2019), in their article, suggest that medication errors can be eradicated after careful research on the causes and effects of the same. According to the authors, a wide range of strategies can be used to minimize medication errors in the delivery of healthcare systems. The whole process of the qualitative study was undertaken to identify the solution in minimizing the problems of medication errors in healthcare settings. From the study, the provision of staff training is one of the main strategies for reducing instances of medication errors. The process of training aims at improving technical skills related to medication practices. Also, the provision of enough treatment equipment and enough nurse to patient ratio is critical when it comes to the reduction of medication errors in the medical settings.
Significance of the Studies to Nursing
The study by Dyab et al. (2018) is significant to nurses as it entails strategies on how nurses can manage the cases of medication errors in different healthcare settings. It also reveals the perceptions of nurses and other medical professionals towards medication errors. As a result, it can inform the types of precautions that can be undertaken to reduce the causes of medication errors while improving patients’ conditions. The study can also be used as part of the evidence-based practices to improve health conditions. On the other hand, the qualitative study by Alharbi et al. (2019) is significant to nursing as it elaborates on the best strategies when it comes to the eradication of cases of medication errors. It gives approaches that can improve nurses’ skills when it comes to managing medication errors in healthcare settings.
Purpose and Objectives of the Studies
The study by Dyab et al. (2018) attempts to explore the knowledge and attitude of nurses towards medication errors. The main objective of the research is to highlight the attitude and knowledge of nurses towards medication errors. On the other hand, in their research, Alharbi et al. (2019) aims to explore ways of eradicating medication errors in the medical environment. The study stipulates different approaches that can be used to reduce the increasing cases of medication errors in medical setups.
The Research Question
From the two research studies, the research questions included:
- What are the best strategies for reducing medication errors in healthcare settings?
- What are some of the causes of medication errors when it comes to the management of patients?
- What are the attitude, knowledge, and perceived barriers of nurses toward medication errors within the tertiary healthcare facilities?
- What is the rate of medication errors in healthcare facilities?
How the Articles Support the Issue of Medication Error
The two articles provide insight into the topic of medication errors. The findings from the two articles can be used in answering the PICOT question. Given the elaboration and the in-depth research, the answer to the research questions is critical for the PICOT question analysis. Given the method of the research process, the findings are verifiable, and therefore, they can be used as sources in supporting facts in the PICOT question. The comparison and intervention groups in the articles are comparable to the ones identified in the PICOT question. In other words, there are similarities between the interventions and comparison groups in both the two articles and the ones identified in the PICOT question.
Methods of Study
While the two articles adhere to the qualitative approaches of study, the study methodologies are different. Dyab et al. (2019) employ observational approaches to establish findings based on their objectives and research questions. On the other hand, Alharbi et al. (2019) employ the survey techniques to undertake studies about medication errors in different healthcare facilities (Woodfield & Iphofen, 2017). Both methods used in the studies are relevant to the qualitative research processes. The benefit of the observational method is that it is simpler and easier to use; the disadvantage is that it is not in-depth, meaning that it cannot provide a comprehensive outcome. On the other hand, the benefit of surveys is that the method leads to the acquisition of first-hand information; the disadvantage is that it is more expensive and requires a lot of resources.
Result of the Studies
The qualitative study by Dyab et al. (2018) found out that nurses and other medical professionals have a positive attitude, knowledge, and perceived barriers to medication errors in healthcare settings. Also, the medication errors are on the rise due to the low nurse to patient ratio and lack of medical equipment in the healthcare settings. On the other hand, Alharbi et al. (2019) found out that the increasing cases of medication errors in the hospitals can be reduced through continuous training of nurses and the entire medical team. Also, the problem may be eradicated through the provision of enough and efficient medical equipment. The two studies have implications in nursing practice; they enhance the application of evidence-based practices and nursing experiences in the treatment process.
Ethical Considerations
While undertaking the study, researchers employed ethical practices that included confidentiality of information and respect for human dignity. In both the studies, researchers were able to protect participant’s data and information obtained (Liang, 2019). Also, they managed to do their studies in line with the standards that protect human dignity, particularly for the study participants. All the researchers adhered to the confidentiality standards and respect for human dignity.
Write a critical appraisal that demonstrates comprehension of two qualitative research studies. Use the “Research Critique Guidelines – Part 1” document to organize your essay. Successful completion of this assignment requires that you provide rationale, include examples, and reference content from the studies in your responses.
Use the practice problem and two qualitative, peer-reviewed research article you identified in the Topic 1 assignment to complete this assignment.
In a 1,000–1,250 word essay, summarize two qualitative studies, explain the ways in which the findings might be used in nursing practice, and address ethical considerations associated with the conduct of the study.
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Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.
This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.
You are required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite. Refer to the LopesWrite Technical Support articles for assistance.
Attachments
Research Critiques and PICOT Statement Final Draft
Prepare this assignment as a 1,500-1,750 word paper using the instructor feedback from the previous course assignments and the guidelines below.
PICOT Question
Revise the PICOT question you wrote in the Topic 1 assignment using the feedback you received from your instructor.
The final PICOT question will provide a framework for your capstone project (the project students must complete during their final course in the RN-BSN program of study).
Research Critiques
In the Topic 2 and Topic 3 assignments, you completed a qualitative and quantitative research critique on two articles for each type of study (4 articles total). Use the feedback you received from your instructor on these assignments to finalize the critical analysis of each study by making appropriate revisions.
The completed analysis should connect to your identified practice problem of interest that is the basis for your PICOT question.
Refer to “Research Critiques and PICOT Guidelines – Final Draft.” Questions under each heading should be addressed as a narrative in the structure of a formal paper. Rough Draft Qualitative Research Critique and Ethical Consideration NRS 433
Proposed Evidence-Based Practice Change
Discuss the link between the PICOT question, the research articles, and the nursing practice problem you identified. Include relevant details and supporting explanation and use that information to propose evidence-based practice changes.
General Requirements
Prepare this assignment according to the APA guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.
This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.
You are required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite. Refer to the LopesWrite Technical Support articles for assistance. Rough Draft Qualitative Research Critique and Ethical Consideration NRS 433
Research Critique Guidelines
Qualitative Study
Background of Study:
- Identify the clinical problem and research problem that led to the study. What was not known about the clinical problem that, if understood, could be used to improve health care delivery or patient outcomes? This gap in knowledge is the research problem.
- How did the author establish the significance of the study? In other words, why should the reader care about this study? Look for statements about human suffering, costs of treatment, or the number of people affected by the clinical problem.
- Identify the purpose of the study. An author may clearly state the purpose of the study or may describe the purpose as the study goals, objectives, or aims.
- List research questions that the study was designed to answer. If the author does not explicitly provide the questions, attempt to infer the questions from the answers.
- Were the purpose and research questions related to the problem?
Method of Study:
- Were qualitative methods appropriate to answer the research questions?
- Did the author identify a specific perspective from which the study was developed? If so, what was it?
- Did the author cite quantitative and qualitative studies relevant to the focus of the study? What other types of literature did the author include?
- Are the references current? For qualitative studies, the author may have included studies older than the 5-year limit typically used for quantitative studies. Findings of older qualitative studies may be relevant to a qualitative study.
- Did the author evaluate or indicate the weaknesses of the available studies?
- Did the literature review include adequate information to build a logical argument?
- When a researcher uses the grounded theory method of qualitative inquiry, the researcher may develop a framework or diagram as part of the findings of the study. Was a framework developed from the study findings?
Results of Study
- What were the study findings?
- What are the implications to nursing?
- Explain how the findings contribute to nursing knowledge/science. Would this impact practice, education, administration, or all areas of nursing?
Ethical Considerations
- Was the study approved by an Institutional Review Board?
- Was patient privacy protected?
- Were there ethical considerations regarding the treatment or lack of?
Conclusion
- Emphasize the importance and congruity of the thesis statement.
- Provide a logical wrap-up to bring the appraisal to completion and to leave a lasting impression and take-away points useful in nursing practice.
- Incorporate a critical appraisal and a brief analysis of the utility and applicability of the findings to nursing practice.
- Integrate a summary of the knowledge learned. Rough Draft Qualitative Research Critique and Ethical Consideration NRS 433
Quantitative Study
Background of Study:
- Identify the clinical problem and research problem that led to the study. What was not known about the clinical problem that, if understood, could be used to improve health care delivery or patient outcomes? This gap in knowledge is the research problem.
- How did the author establish the significance of the study? In other words, why should the reader care about this study? Look for statements about human suffering, costs of treatment, or the number of people affected by the clinical problem.
- Identify the purpose of the study. An author may clearly state the purpose of the study or may describe the purpose as the study goals, objectives, or aims.
- List research questions that the study was designed to answer. If the author does not explicitly provide the questions, attempt to infer the questions from the answers.
- Were the purpose and research questions related to the problem?
Methods of Study
- Identify the benefits and risks of participation addressed by the authors. Were there benefits or risks the authors do not identify?
- Was informed consent obtained from the subjects or participants?
- Did it seem that the subjects participated voluntarily in the study?
- Was institutional review board approval obtained from the agency in which the study was conducted?
- Are the major variables (independent and dependent variables) identified and defined? What were these variables?
- How were data collected in this study?
- What rationale did the author provide for using this data collection method?
- Identify the time period for data collection of the study.
- Describe the sequence of data collection events for a participant.
- Describe the data management and analysis methods used in the study.
- Did the author discuss how the rigor of the process was assured? For example, does the author describe maintaining a paper trail of critical decisions that were made during the analysis of the data? Was statistical software used to ensure accuracy of the analysis?
- What measures were used to minimize the effects of researcher bias (their experiences and perspectives)? For example, did two researchers independently analyze the data and compare their analyses?
Results of Study
- What is the researcher’s interpretation of findings?
- Are the findings valid or an accurate reflection of reality? Do you have confidence in the findings?
- What limitations of the study were identified by researchers?
- Was there a coherent logic to the presentation of findings?
- What implications do the findings have for nursing practice? For example, can the findings of the study be applied to general nursing practice, to a specific population, or to a specific area of nursing?
- What suggestions are made for further studies?
Ethical Considerations
- Was the study approved by an Institutional Review Board?
- Was patient privacy protected?
- Were there ethical considerations regarding the treatment or lack of?
Conclusion
- Emphasize the importance and congruity of the thesis statement.
- Provide a logical wrap-up to bring the appraisal to completion and to leave a lasting impression and take-away points useful in nursing practice.
- Incorporate a critical appraisal and a brief analysis of the utility and applicability of the findings to nursing practice.
- Integrate a summary of the knowledge learned. Rough Draft Qualitative Research Critique and Ethical Consideration NRS 433
Reference
Burns, N., & Grove, S. (2011). Understanding nursing research (5th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Elsevier.
Course Code Class Code Assignment Title Total Points
NRS-433V NRS-433V-O500 Rough Draft Qualitative Research Critique and Ethical Considerations 200.0
Criteria Percentage 1: Unsatisfactory (0.00%) 2: Less Than Satisfactory (75.00%) 3: Satisfactory (83.00%) 4: Good (94.00%) 5: Excellent (100.00%)
Content 75.0%
Qualitative Studies 5.0% Only one article is presented. Neither of the articles presented use qualitative research. Two articles are presented. Of the articles presented, only one article is based on qualitative research. N/A N/A Two articles are presented. Both articles are based on qualitative research.
Background of Study 10.0% Background of study, including problem, significance to nursing, purpose, objective, and research questions, is incomplete. Background of study, including problem, significance to nursing, purpose, objective, and research questions, is included but lacks relevant details and explanation. Background of study, including problem, significance to nursing, purpose, objective, and research questions, is partially complete and includes some relevant details and explanation. Background of study, including problem, significance to nursing, purpose, objective, and research questions, is complete and includes relevant details and explanation. Background of study, including problem, significance to nursing, purpose, objective, and research questions, is thorough with substantial relevant details and extensive explanation.
Article Support of Nursing Practice Issue 15.0% Discussion on how articles support the PICOT question is incomplete. A summary of how articles support the PICOT question is presented. It is unclear how the articles can be used to answer the proposed PICOT question. Significant information and detail are required. A general discussion on how articles support the PICOT question is presented. The articles demonstrate general support in answering the proposed PICOT question. It is unclear how the interventions and comparison groups in the articles compare to those identified in the PICOT question. Some rational or information is needed. A discussion on how articles support the PICOT question is presented. The articles demonstrate support in answering the proposed PICOT question. The interventions and comparison groups in the articles compare to those identified in the PICOT question. Minor detail or rational is needed for clarity or support. A clear discussion on how articles support the PICOT question is presented. The articles demonstrate strong support in answering the proposed PICOT question. The interventions and comparison groups in the articles strongly compare to those identified in the PICOT question.
Method of Study 15.0% Discussion on the method of study for each article is omitted. The comparison of study methods is omitted or incomplete. A partial summary of the method of study for each article is presented. The comparison of study methods is incomplete. A benefit and a limitation of each method are omitted or incomplete. There are significant inaccuracies. A general discussion on the method of study for each article is presented. The comparison of study methods is summarized. A benefit and a limitation of each method are summarized. There some inaccuracies or partial omissions. More information is needed. A discussion on the method of study for each article is presented. The comparison of study methods is generally described. A benefit and a limitation of each method are presented. There minor are inaccuracies. Some detail is required for accuracy or clarity. A thorough discussion on the method of study for each article is presented. The comparison of study methods is described in detail. A benefit and a limitation of each method are presented. The discussion demonstrates a solid understanding of research methods.
Results of Study 15.0% Discussion of study results, including findings and implications for nursing practice, is incomplete. A summary of the study results includes findings and implications for nursing practice but lacks relevant details and explanation. There are some omissions or inaccuracies. Discussion of study results, including findings and implications for nursing practice, is generally presented. Overall, the discussion includes some relevant details and explanation. Discussion of study results, including findings and implications for nursing practice, is complete and includes relevant details and explanation. Discussion of study results, including findings and implications for nursing practice, is thorough with substantial relevant details and extensive explanation.
Ethical Considerations 15.0% Discussion of ethical considerations when conducting nursing research is incomplete. A discussion on ethical considerations of the two articles presented in the essay is incomplete. Discussion of ethical considerations when conducting nursing research is included but lacks relevant details and explanation. A discussion on ethical considerations of the two articles used in the essay is summarized but there are significant inaccuracies or omissions. Discussion of ethical considerations when conducting nursing research is partially complete and includes some relevant details and explanation. A discussion on ethical considerations of the two articles used in the essay is discussed but there are some inaccuracies, or some information is needed. Discussion of ethical considerations when conducting nursing research is complete and includes relevant details and explanation. A discussion on ethical considerations of the two articles used in the essay is presented; some detail in needed for accuracy or clarity. Discussion of ethical considerations associated with the conduct of nursing research is thorough with substantial relevant details and extensive explanation. A detailed discussion on ethical considerations of the two articles used in the essay is presented.
Organization and Effectiveness 15.0%
Thesis Development and Purpose 5.0% Paper lacks any discernible overall purpose or organizing claim. Thesis is insufficiently developed or vague. Purpose is not clear. Thesis is apparent and appropriate to purpose. Thesis is clear and forecasts the development of the paper. Thesis is descriptive and reflective of the arguments and appropriate to the purpose. Thesis is comprehensive and contains the essence of the paper. Thesis statement makes the purpose of the paper clear.
Argument Logic and Construction 5.0% Statement of purpose is not justified by the conclusion. The conclusion does not support the claim made. Argument is incoherent and uses noncredible sources. Sufficient justification of claims is lacking. Argument lacks consistent unity. There are obvious flaws in the logic. Some sources have questionable credibility. Argument is orderly, but may have a few inconsistencies. The argument presents minimal justification of claims. Argument logically, but not thoroughly, supports the purpose. Sources used are credible. Introduction and conclusion bracket the thesis. Argument shows logical progressions. Techniques of argumentation are evident. There is a smooth progression of claims from introduction to conclusion. Most sources are authoritative. Argument is clear and convincing and presents a persuasive claim in a distinctive and compelling manner. All sources are authoritative.
Mechanics of Writing (includes spelling, punctuation, grammar, language use) 5.0% Surface errors are pervasive enough that they impede communication of meaning. Inappropriate word choice or sentence construction is used. Frequent and repetitive mechanical errors distract the reader. Inconsistencies in language choice (register), sentence structure, or word choice are present. Some mechanical errors or typos are present, but they are not overly distracting to the reader. Correct sentence structure and audience-appropriate language are used. Prose is largely free of mechanical errors, although a few may be present. A variety of sentence structures and effective figures of speech are used. Writer is clearly in command of standard, written, academic English.
Format 10.0%
Paper Format (use of appropriate style for the major and assignment) 5.0% Template is not used appropriately or documentation format is rarely followed correctly. Template is used, but some elements are missing or mistaken; lack of control with formatting is apparent. Template is used, and formatting is correct, although some minor errors may be present. Template is fully used; There are virtually no errors in formatting style. All format elements are correct.
Documentation of Sources (citations, footnotes, references, bibliography, etc., as appropriate to assignment and style) 5.0% Sources are not documented. Documentation of sources is inconsistent or incorrect, as appropriate to assignment and style, with numerous formatting errors. Sources are documented, as appropriate to assignment and style, although some formatting errors may be present. Sources are documented, as appropriate to assignment and style, and format is mostly correct. Sources are completely and correctly documented, as appropriate to assignment and style, and format is free of error.
Rough Draft Qualitative Research Critique and Ethical Considerations – Rubric
Qualitative Studies
Criteria Description
Qualitative Studies
