NRS 428 Benchmark – Community Teaching Plan: Community Teaching Work Plan Proposal

Benchmark-Community Teaching Plan

Community assessment is an important practice in nursing and healthcare. Nurses and other healthcare providers conduct community assessment and analysis to determine the actual needs, health status, and issues that community members face. Community assessment also aligns the adopted strategies in healthcare with the community needs. The results of community assessment guides the development of strategies to address the prioritized community needs. For example, nurses develop plans that address barriers to access to care in cases where community assessment shows the community members to experience extensive barriers in accessing the care that they need. Therefore, this presentation focuses on a community assessment and analysis performed on Leander Community, Texas. It identifies the socio-economic structure, barriers, challenges, and social determinants of health that community members experience in accessing the care that they need.

The selected community for assessment is Leander City. Leander City is located in Texas State , Travis County. The city is ranked 51st largest city in Texas state and 427th largest city in the United States of America. The estimate land mass of the city is 37.7 square miles and a population density of 2205.50 per square mile (Census.gov, 2022).

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Attachments

NRS-428VN-RS3-CommunityTeachingWorkPlanProposal.docx

Community Teaching Work Plan Proposal

Planning and Topic

Directions: Develop an educational series proposal for your community using one of the following four topics:

1. Bioterrorism/Disaster
2. Environmental Issues
3. Primary Prevention/Health Promotion
4. Secondary Prevention/Screenings for a Vulnerable Population

Planning Before Teaching:

Name and Credentials of Teacher:
Estimated Time Teaching Will Last: One week	Location of Teaching: Outpatient facilities of health facilities
Supplies, Material, Equipment Needed; Manila charts, markers,  pens, fliers, posters, refreshments	Estimated Cost: $10,000
Community and Target Aggregate: All age groups of the community attending outpatient services in various health facilities.
Topic: Primary Prevention/Health Promotion

 

Identification of Focus for Community Teaching (Topic Selection):

As emphasized by the establishment of the community medicine discipline, there has been a recent shift from precision medicine to preventive medicine. This discipline is primarily concerned with educating the general public on effective disease prevention methods (Cooper, 2018). As a result, there should be a well-structured curriculum outlining how the process should be carried out. The community teaching on primary disease prevention and health promotion will be facilitated by certified health care providers and will target community members of all ages, ethnicities, religions, and cultural beliefs.

The epidemiological rationale for focusing on primary disease prevention and health promotion is due to the increased occurrence of novel diseases whose disease course and process are not well understood, so preventing their occurrence is the best way to mitigate the community’s adverse effects. The current global pandemic of coronavirus disease in 2019, COVID-19, demonstrates this. Since it was first reported in China, precautions have been taken to limit its spread because little is known about its disease process (Fauci, 2020). This could also be applied to other common disease co-morbidities in the community that can be avoided. Benchmark – Community Teaching Plan: Proposal for a Community Teaching Work Plan

Teaching Plan Criteria

The teaching plan for educating the community on Primary prevention and health promotion will include the following approaches;

• Establishing the objectives of the program
• Obtaining funding for the program
• Selecting the facilitators of the program
• Selecting the target audience
• Selecting convenient locations to conduct the exercise
• Creating awareness around the intended program among the target community
• Conducting the exercise
• Evaluating the outcome of the exercise if they meet the objectives of the exercise.

The funding for the community teaching exercise should cover for the remuneration of the facilitators and other human workforce that will be required for the exercise, campaign material in preparation for the exercise and also the teaching material and refreshments for the participants during the program. The potential sponsors of the exercise are government organizations, non-governmental organizations or other willing profit and non-profit organizations.

Facilitators of the community teaching exercise will be selected on merit. The facilitators will have to be certified medical personnel. The selection will cut across all the medical disciplines; medical officers, nursing officers, public health officers and other disciplines. The facilitators will oversee various stations of the exercise and aid in implementing the objectives of the exercise to realize the intended goal of the exercise.

The target audience of the community teaching on primary prevention and health promotion will be the persons who are willing to learn about the activity. It will target persons from all age brackets regardless of their ethnicity, religious and cultural beliefs. The exercise will aim to involve the entire community and create ambassadors who will help propel the message within the community even after the exercise is over.

The various stations for the exercise will include social halls, hospital grounds, and peripheral health facilities. The various locations for the training will be overseen by the selected facilitators. The marked locations will be open between the hours of 0800HRS to 1600HRS and they will have 3 sessions per day on the same topic. The first session will run from 0800hrs to 1000hrs, the second session will run from 1030hrs to 1230hrs, and the third session will run between 1400hrs to 1600hrs.

Nursing Diagnosis:

Nursing diagnosis is the clinical judgment made in response to a health condition. The nursing diagnosis will be drawn from the results realized after the exercise. Evaluation of medical records from screening clinics, medical check-up clinics and follow-up clinics will play a major role making the nursing diagnosis.

Readiness for Learning:

The readiness for learning among the target aggregate will be assessed by the level of interest the persons will show on initial contact while handing out the campaign material. This will be quantified by how inquisitive one will be about the intended exercise. Experimental readiness to learn will be assessed factoring in the individual’s cultural background, past experiences with such learning, and level of aspiration one has in regards to primary prevention and health promotion.

Goal:

The objectives of the community teaching on primary prevention and health promotion are centered around the Health People 2020 (HP2020) objectives. The HP2020 was established in the year 2020 with a goal of attaining high quality and long lives free from preventable diseases, injury, disability and premature death; to promote health equity and eliminate disparity in health care provision and improve health in all groups; to create physical and social environments that enhance good health for everyone; and to promote healthy development, quality of life and enhance healthy behaviors across all the life stages. This particular teaching exercise will focus on the first HP2020 objective which is, preventing preventable diseases, injuries, disabilities and premature deaths.

How Does This HP2020 Objective Relate to Alma Ata’s Health for All Global Initiatives

The Alma Ata Declaration that was established in 1978 emphasizes on health for all to increase life expectancy through preventing preventable diseases and early disease detection and modification. Benchmark – Community Teaching Plan: Community Teaching Work Plan Proposal

Develop Behavioral Objectives (Including Domains), Content, and Strategies/Methods:

Behavioral Objective and DomainExample – Third-grade students will name one healthy food choice in each of the five food groups by the end of the presentation. (Cognitive Domain)	Content (be specific)Example – The Food Pyramid has five food groups which are….Healthy foods from each group are…. Unhealthy foods containing a lot of sugar or fat are….	Strategies/Methods (label and describe) Example – Interactive poster presentation of the Food Pyramid. After an explanation of the poster and each food category, allow students to place pictures of foods on the correct spot on the pyramid. Also, have the class analyze what a child had for lunch by putting names of foods on the poster and discussing what food group still needs to be eaten throughout day. Benchmark – Community Teaching Plan: Community Teaching Work Plan Proposal
1. To assess the level of awareness on primary prevention/health promotion	1. The level of awareness will be evaluated be asking about the preventive measure the people know like; diet modification, and exercising to reduce the occurrence of hypertension	1. The level of initial awareness on primary prevention/health promotion will be assessed through administering questionnaires and interviewing the people of the community as interactive sessions.
2. To educate the community on primary prevention/health promotion	2. The public will be educated on ways to prevent diseases such as increase their level of physical life and reducing sedentary lifestyle to reduce chances of developing hypertension, diet modification to reduce fatty food intake to reduce occurrence of obesity, reducing alcohol intake to prevent liver diseases and cease smoking to prevent respiratory diseases.	2. The process of educating the public will involve use of flyers, handout and carrying physical class set-up sessions to teach the community members on the preventive measures they can employ to prevent disease occurrence and progression.
3. To assess the outcome of the community teaching on primary prevention/health promotion	3. After conducting the exercise, there is an expected positive shift of health seeking behavior and reduction in occurrence of preventable diseases like hypertension, diabetes and other cardiovascular conditions.	3 Evaluation of the outcome of the exercise will be done through analyzing medical files from various clinics including the screening clinics, medical check-up clinics and medical follow-up clinics.
4. To promote healthy behavior within the community.	4. Promoting health healthy behavior like responsible alcohol intake, taking a balanced diet and engaging in regular physical activity to serve as a measure of primary disease prevention.	4. This will be achieved through highlighting the benefits of such healthy behavior on an individual level giving examples of persons who have adopted such lifestyle

 

Creativity:

Creating awareness around the exercise prior to undertaking the exercise will be important has it will increase the number of people who will show up for the exercise. The campaign for the intended exercise will include printing out posters, fliers and handout that will be distributed within the community by social workers. The information on the fliers, posters and handouts will highlight the objectives of the exercise and the locations where the training will be carried out with stipulated times and dates for the said events. The flyers and handout will be distributed at the outpatient departments of various health facilities, and social centers like market places and entertainment areas. Benchmark – Community Teaching Plan: Community Teaching Work Plan Proposal

Planned Evaluation of Objectives (Outcome Evaluation):

The outcome evaluation of the exercise will me assess through the subsequent changes in;

• Health seeking behavior
• Medical check-up clinics
• Medical follow-up clinics
• Medical Screening and diagnostic trends

The health seeking behavior of the community will be assessed through evaluating the disease stage of initial presentation of the patient to the clinician (Romanes, 2019). The earlier the present the better the prognosis for the patient because preventive measure to stop disease progression can be implemented.

Planned Evaluation of Goal:

The number of people showing up for regular medical check-ups and subsequent medical follow-up clinics would be an effectiveness way of assessing the effectiveness of the exercise as it directly reflects the response of the community to the exercise.

The number of people seeking Prophylactic and diagnostic screening for propensity of disease occurrence is an important tool to evaluate for community awareness of primary disease prevention and health promotion.

Planned Evaluation of Lesson and Teacher (Process Evaluation):

The process evaluation will be done through assessing the daily turn-out of people to the exercise. At the end of the exercise, the participants will be given a test to assess their level of understanding of primary prevention/health promotion and awarded certificates of participation.

Barriers

The extent barriers to the community teaching are;

• lack of sufficient funding for the exercise
• unwilling human resource to carry out the exercise due to poor remuneration from the program.
• Lack of a standardized structured curriculum to carry out the community teaching.

Therapeutic Communication

The therapeutic communication on this exercise will be done on a face-to-face level. The presentation will involve use of charts, diagrams and inclusion of persons who will serve as life example of people who have embraced primary prevention/health promotion. The sessions will be interactive sessions with the presenters posing random questions to the audience to assess for active listening. In conclusion for the presentation, distribution of handout with more information pertaining to the exercise will be nonverbal communication employed to enable continuity of the learning process.

References

Fauci, A. S., Lane, H. C., & Redfield, R. R. (2020). Covid-19—navigating the uncharted. The New England Journal of Medicine, 328(), 1268-1268. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMe2002387

Psaty, B. M., Dekkers, O. M., & Cooper, R. S. (2018). Comparison of 2 treatment models: precision medicine and preventive medicine. JAMA, 320(8), 751-752. 10.1001/jama.2018.8377. PMID: 30054607.

Topacio, D. P., Romanes, M. A. J. D., Salazar, R. P., & Legaspi, M. J. P. Assessment of Health-Seeking Behavior and its Determinants Among the DepEd Teaching Personnel in a Public Schools District. Provincial Government of Cavite through the Special Education Fund, 50. SalikSuri Research Journal, 1(1), https://www.researchgate.net/publication/344604014

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